40^th Global Psychiatry and Mental Health Conference July 17-18, 2023 Prague, Czech Republic

Biography:

Prof. Inbar Levkovich, Ph.D., is Associate Professor in the Faculty of Graduate Studies, at Oranim Academic College, Israel. Received her PhD from the Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, at Haifa University, in the area of breast cancer survivors. Completed her Postdoctoral at the School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University.  She served as the head of the research unit at the Division of Family Medicine, The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine in the Israel Institute of Technology. 

Prof. Levkovich Main areas of research are psychosocial aspects of health and illness and trauma. She use both qualitative and quantitative data in her studies. She published more than seventy papers in refereed journals and several chapters in edited books.

Abstract:

Depression is a disorder that affects the entire family, not only the diagnosed individual. Adolescents who have a sibling who is coping with depression are themselves at increased risk of developing distress and other mental illnesses. The objective of this study was to better understand how young adults with a sibling who has been diagnosed with depression experience their own adolescence.

The research adopted the qualitative-phenomenological approach. Sixteen young adults between the ages of 18 and 29 were interviewed during 2022. The interviews were transcribed and underwent content analysis.

The analysis revealed a variety of responses, among them confusion, anger and a lack of stability in the home, as well as attempts to conceal the situation. Many of the participants witnessed dangerous behaviors on the part of their siblings, which led to tensions and concerns. Moreover, they felt both distanced from and disappointed with their parents. In an attempt to shield their parents from further pain and sorrow, they did not share their experiences as adolescents with their parents. Most of the participants reported a double sense of loss in that their siblings had changed profoundly and their parents were not available for them, leading to sharp feelings of loneliness.

The research findings can serve as a basis for therapists and educators in developing personal and family intervention programs for adolescents living with siblings who have depression.

Biography:

Prof. Inbar Levkovich, Ph.D., is Associate Professor in the Faculty of Graduate Studies, at Oranim Academic College, Israel. Received her PhD from the Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, at Haifa University, in the area of breast cancer survivors. Completed her Postdoctoral at the School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University.  She served as the head of the research unit at the Division of Family Medicine, The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine in the Israel Institute of Technology. 

Prof. Levkovich Main areas of research are psychosocial aspects of health and illness and trauma. She use both qualitative and quantitative data in her studies. She published more than seventy papers in refereed journals and several chapters in edited books.

Abstract:

Depression is a disorder that affects the entire family, not only the diagnosed individual. Adolescents who have a sibling who is coping with depression are themselves at increased risk of developing distress and other mental illnesses. The objective of this study was to better understand how young adults with a sibling who has been diagnosed with depression experience their own adolescence.

The research adopted the qualitative-phenomenological approach. Sixteen young adults between the ages of 18 and 29 were interviewed during 2022. The interviews were transcribed and underwent content analysis.

The analysis revealed a variety of responses, among them confusion, anger and a lack of stability in the home, as well as attempts to conceal the situation. Many of the participants witnessed dangerous behaviors on the part of their siblings, which led to tensions and concerns. Moreover, they felt both distanced from and disappointed with their parents. In an attempt to shield their parents from further pain and sorrow, they did not share their experiences as adolescents with their parents. Most of the participants reported a double sense of loss in that their siblings had changed profoundly and their parents were not available for them, leading to sharp feelings of loneliness.

The research findings can serve as a basis for therapists and educators in developing personal and family intervention programs for adolescents living with siblings who have depression.

Biography:

Abstract:

The COVID-19 pandemic may affect youth's physical and mental well-being, partially because of the countries' rules to contain the virus spreading. However, there is still uncertainty about the impact of physical distancing on youth's mental health. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of feeling agitated, anxious, down, sad or low mood (FNF) due to physical distance measures and verify which factors are associated with young Portuguese and Brazilian people.

Methods

We used cross-sectional data from the instrument “COVID-19 Barometer: Social Opinion” in Portugal (March 2020 and September 2021) and from “COVID-19 Social Thermometer” in Brazil (August 2020 to April 2021); these surveys included data regarding the health and socioeconomic impact on the population. The health and socio-demographic variables of the two countries were summarized as absolute and relative frequencies. A multivariable logistic regression model was fit by country to estimate the relation between the frequency of negative feelings (FNF) and selected variables of interest.

Results

Approximately 36% of the sample studied reported anxiety, agitation, sadness, or low mood; almost every day in Portugal and 52% in Brazil due to physical distancing. In Portugal, having more than two comorbidities represented a greater chance of experiencing FNF every day or almost every day (OR = 1.51 [CI 1.22 -1.87]) than those without comorbidities. In contrast, having a university education level represented a protector factor (OR = 0.76 [CI 0.67-0.88]). In Brazil, being unemployed increased the chance of FNF compared to students (OR = 11.2).

Conclusions

Physical distancing measures have impacted the mental well-being of the young population in Portugal and Brazil. The countries must make a quick effort to attend to and protect young people's well-being and mental health in the changing context of the current pandemic.

Keywords: pandemic, COVID-19, youth, physical distancing, mental health

Biography:

Professor Sampoornam was born in India. She earned a bachelor’s degree in nursing from The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R Medical University, Chennai, India, Master’s Degree in psychiatric nursing from the same university. She was awarded PhD in nursing from Saveetha University, Chennai, India. She also earned a Master’s Degree in Counseling & Psychotherapy from Tamil Nadu Open University. Currently she is a professor in Dhanvantri College of Nursing, Namakkal, India. She has 10 years of teaching experience for UG & PG nursing programmes. She has attended 20 conferences in India and organized 2 conferences in Malaysia and UAE. She is a recognized PhD guide under The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R Medical University, Chennai, India. She has published more than 70 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of American, Chinese, European & Australian journals. 

Abstract:

Psychological autopsy is a procedure used to identify equivocal deaths. An equivocal death is a death in which it is not immediately clear whether a person committed suicide or not (eg.drug ingestion deaths, single car accident deaths).It is basically a mental status examination of deceased. In augmentation, information is gathered from available health care, psychiatric records and forensic examination. Thus a psychological autopsy synthesizes the information from manifold informants and records. The early generation of psychological autopsies rooted that more than 90% of completed suicides had suffered from usual co-morbid mental disorders, most of them clinically diagnosed to have mood and substance use disorders. Furthermore, they disclosed that under treatment of these mental disorders without any contact with psychiatric or other health care services might be the reason for committed suicide. The aim of this critical review and analysis paper focus on psychological autopsy methodology, collateral interviews, ethical meta analysis, uses and its application.   

Biography:

Abstract:

Rationale: Mental disorders (especially personality disorder) are one of commen reason for early separation from the military service .The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation of self-mutilation and personality disorder among soldiers.

Methods: In this case-control study, 30 soldiers referred to an army psychiatric hospital (cases) and 30 soldiers referred to another military health center (controls) were evaluated for personality disorders by clinical interviews on the basis of DSM-IV criteria. The frequency of self-mutilation and personality disorders were then analyzed by SPSS statistical software.

Results: Totally, 63.3% of case group and 6.7% of control group had history of self-mutilation. The frequency of personality disorders was 56.7% and 20% in cases and controls, respectively. In case group, 78.9% and 18.2% of patients, respectively, with and without a history of self-mutilation, had cluster B personality disorder (P=0.002). This difference remain significant among control group (P=0.003).

Conclusions: Regarding the relationship between self-mutilation with cluster B personality and impulsivity of these personalities, detection and preventive treatment of patients or exempt in severe cases prior to entering military service may be useful for reducing the incidence of self-mutilation and suicide.

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: Brain-vas-gut-ovary disorders under stress had been a hidden secret of multimorbidity(as Gan-axis dysfunction described in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)) in single-disease-single-target framework, causing unsatisfactory therapeutic effects.

Method:Female SD rats weighing between 215-230g were grouped into: blank group, model group(AFS(acute forced swim) for 15 min)，CSS(Chai-hu-shu-gan-san) group, MH(meranzin hydrate) group, FA (ferulic acid) group, MH+Dlys(inhibitor of ghrelin) group, n=6. 24h after modeling and intragastric administration, OFT(open field time), IT(immobility time) were tested for depression, and indices to systematically describe brain-vas-gut-ovary dysfuncion(BOLD-fMRI of regulated brain region/velocity time integral for vascular impairment/gut flora 16sRNA sequencing analysis/estrogen level detection for ovary) were examined. 

Results: While causing obvious depression with OFT decreased from 14199.80±893.71mm to 8792.75±2098.27mm(p<0.01), IT increased from 80.12±13.84s to 134.49±8.38s(p<0.01)，AFS also synchronously induced blood oxygen levels increase in corpus striatum, cingulate gyrus etc brain region; VTI(velocity time integral) declined from 29.47 ± 6.8mm to 16.42 ± 1.49mm; composition of gut flora in stomach and duodenum changed with lifted Lactobacillus etc. proportion and descended Romboutsia etc. proportion on genus level; E₂ dropped from 1279.48pg/ml to 1194.08pg/ml. All these influences were revised by using CSS and their therapeutic compounds, while the curative effects were inhibited by Dlys.

Conclusions: AFS caused brain-vas-gut-ovary(together as Gan axis) multimorbidity instead of depression alone, and these effects could be alleviated by CSS and its therapeutic compounds, during which ghrelin might be the critical cooperative molecule.